The AFEM Handbook of Acute and Emergency Care guides the reader through the approach to the patient in a low resource setting (e.g. basic medications and interventions, with a goal to stabilisation and transfer), a moderately resourced setting (e.g. where an x-ray machine and oxygen are available), or a setting with full resources (e.g. with a CT scanner and NIPPV). This unique stratified approach is tailored to the specificities of the African context. This second edition presents updated clinical management recommendations, an expanded section on unstable patients, a new section on palliative care, and several of the new emergency care outputs from WHO.